EVM programmability restrictions impose heavy computational and design limitations on DApp developers. With Cartesi’s RISC-V virtual machine, developers can build complex, computationally intensive DApps with their favorite libraries, compilers, and other time-tested open-source tooling. Cartesi rollups can be deployed as layer 2 (on top of Ethereum), layer 3 (on top of Optimism, Arbitrum, zkEVM chains, etc.), or as sovereign rollups.