Network
Launch Date
Consensus
Note
Sepolia
Oct 2021
PoW
Like-for-like representation of Ethereum
Görli
Jan 2019
PoA
Proof-of-Authority
Kiln
Mar 2022
PoS
Post-Merge (for ETH2), shadow fork of the mainnet
Kintsugi
Dec 2021
PoS
DEPRECATED, use Kiln; post-Merge (for ETH2)
Ropsten
Nov 2016
PoW
DEPRECATED, use Sepolia; the Merge to happen on Jun 8, 2022
Rinkeby
Apr 2017
PoA
DEPRECATED, use Görli and Görli Faucet
Kovan
Mar 2017
PoA
DEPRECATED, use Sepolia or Görli
List of active and deprecated Ethereum testnets, including Kintsugi.
Features
Optimistic rollup 
ZK-rollup 
Proof
Uses fraud proofs to prove transaction validity. 
Uses validity (zero-knowledge) proofs to prove transaction validity. 
Capital efficiency
Requires waiting through a 1-week delay (dispute period) before withdrawing funds. 
Users can withdraw funds immediately because validity proofs provide incontrovertible evidence of the authenticity of off-chain transactions. 
Data compression
Publishes full transaction data as calldata to Ethereum Mainnet, which increases rollup costs. 
Doesn't need to publish transaction data on Ethereum because ZK-SNARKs and ZK-STARKs already guarantee the accuracy of the rollup state. 
EVM compatibility
Uses a simulation of the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), which allows it to run arbitrary logic and support smart contracts. 
Doesn't widely support EVM computation, although a few EVM-compatible ZK-rollups have appeared. 
Rollup costs
Reduces costs since it publishes minimal data on Ethereum and doesn't have to post proofs for transactions, except in special circumstances. 
Faces higher overhead from costs involved in generating and verifying proofs for every transaction block. ZK proofs require specialized, expensive hardware to create and have high on-chain verification costs. 
Trust assumptions
Doesn't require a trusted setup. 
Requires a trusted setup to work. 
Liveness requirements
Verifiers are needed to keep tabs on the actual rollup state and the one referenced in the state root to detect fraud. 
Users don't need someone to watch the L2 chain to detect fraud. 
Security properties 
Relies on cryptoeconomic incentives to assure users of rollup security. 
Relies on cryptographic guarantees for security. 
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curl 
https://release.solana.com/v1.10.32/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe 
--output 
C:\solana-install-tmp\solana-install-init.exe 
--create-dirs
DeFi
SOLANA DEX OVERVIEW

How to Use a Decentralized Exchange on Solana (Raydium)

Learn How to Use Raydium, a Solana Decentralized Exchange to Buy and Sell SPL Tokens
Last Updated:
December 2, 2022
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Table of Contents

{{get-started-solana}}

Raydium is an Automated market maker(AMM) decentralized exchange (DEX) platform built on Solana, that allows digital assets to be traded automatically using liquidity pools instead of the traditional market exchange system.

Raydium offers fast and cheaper transactions compared to other decentralized exchange platforms. This article will take you through a step-by-step process on how to trade tokens on Raydium.

1. Download a Solana Wallet

Phantom is the most used Solana wallet, and it's the wallet this tutorial uses to trade tokens on Raydium.

  1. Go to Phantom‍
  2. Download and install Phantom as a browser extension (Chrome, firefox, brave, and edge)
  3. Create a new wallet and note down your secret recovery phrase

Note: never share your recovery phrase with anyone because losing it means losing access to all your funds.

2. Fund your Solana Wallet

  1. Open your wallet and click the dropdown button
  2. Copy your wallet address
  3. Go to your favorite crypto exchange platform (e.g Coinbase)
  4. Buy Solana and any other Solana ecosystem tokens you want to trade
  5. Withdraw them to your Phantom wallet address

Note: make sure the exchange supports Solana token withdraws. Some exchanges allow buying and selling Solana tokens, but do not offer withdraw functionality.

3. Connect your Wallet

  1. Go to Raydium‍
  2. Click on the "Launch App" button to access the DEX interface
  3. Click on the "Connect" button to connect your wallet
  4. Select Phantom
  5. Allow Raydium to access your wallet
  6. Click on connect

4. Select the Assets you Want to Trade

  1. Select the desired token you wish to swap from (e.g. SOL)
  2. Select the token you wish to swap to (E.g. USDC)
  3. Specify the amount of tokens you want to swap

Once you choose the amount of tokens you want to swap, the amount of tokens you will receive of your new token will automatically be calculated.

a. Confirm your Swap Settings

Before you confirm your transaction, it is a good decision to check the info section to understand more details about the transaction. These trade settings become more important for large transactions.

Here are explanations of the swap settings:

  • Minimum Received - the minimum amount of tokens you will receive from the trade
  • Slippage Tolerance -the difference between your estimated price and the execution price
  • Price Impact - the difference between market price and estimated price (the impact is larger for large trades)

If prices are volatile, transactions with low slippage might not get confirmed. However, if slippage tolerance is high, you may receive less tokens for your swap because the market price changed between your original estimate and the price during trade execution.

5. Swap Tokens on Raydium

Now that your settings are reviewed, it's time to submit the transaction.

  1. Click on the Swap button
  2. Click the transaction link to view it on a Solana block explorer like Solscan
  3. Confrim your assets were swapped once the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain

Note: the swap button only shows up when you have a sufficient balance to process the transaction, and it might take a few seconds to be confirmed.

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DeFi
SOLANA DEX OVERVIEW

How to Use a Decentralized Exchange on Solana

Learn How to Use Raydium, a Solana Decentralized Exchange to Buy and Sell SPL Tokens
Last Updated:
December 2, 2022
Last Updated:
March 14, 2023
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{{get-started-solana}}

Table of Contents

Raydium is an Automated market maker(AMM) decentralized exchange (DEX) platform built on Solana, that allows digital assets to be traded automatically using liquidity pools instead of the traditional market exchange system.

Raydium offers fast and cheaper transactions compared to other decentralized exchange platforms. This article will take you through a step-by-step process on how to trade tokens on Raydium.

1. Download a Solana Wallet

Phantom is the most used Solana wallet, and it's the wallet this tutorial uses to trade tokens on Raydium.

  1. Go to Phantom‍
  2. Download and install Phantom as a browser extension (Chrome, firefox, brave, and edge)
  3. Create a new wallet and note down your secret recovery phrase

Note: never share your recovery phrase with anyone because losing it means losing access to all your funds.

2. Fund your Solana Wallet

  1. Open your wallet and click the dropdown button
  2. Copy your wallet address
  3. Go to your favorite crypto exchange platform (e.g Coinbase)
  4. Buy Solana and any other Solana ecosystem tokens you want to trade
  5. Withdraw them to your Phantom wallet address

Note: make sure the exchange supports Solana token withdraws. Some exchanges allow buying and selling Solana tokens, but do not offer withdraw functionality.

3. Connect your Wallet

  1. Go to Raydium‍
  2. Click on the "Launch App" button to access the DEX interface
  3. Click on the "Connect" button to connect your wallet
  4. Select Phantom
  5. Allow Raydium to access your wallet
  6. Click on connect

4. Select the Assets you Want to Trade

  1. Select the desired token you wish to swap from (e.g. SOL)
  2. Select the token you wish to swap to (E.g. USDC)
  3. Specify the amount of tokens you want to swap

Once you choose the amount of tokens you want to swap, the amount of tokens you will receive of your new token will automatically be calculated.

a. Confirm your Swap Settings

Before you confirm your transaction, it is a good decision to check the info section to understand more details about the transaction. These trade settings become more important for large transactions.

Here are explanations of the swap settings:

  • Minimum Received - the minimum amount of tokens you will receive from the trade
  • Slippage Tolerance -the difference between your estimated price and the execution price
  • Price Impact - the difference between market price and estimated price (the impact is larger for large trades)

If prices are volatile, transactions with low slippage might not get confirmed. However, if slippage tolerance is high, you may receive less tokens for your swap because the market price changed between your original estimate and the price during trade execution.

5. Swap Tokens on Raydium

Now that your settings are reviewed, it's time to submit the transaction.

  1. Click on the Swap button
  2. Click the transaction link to view it on a Solana block explorer like Solscan
  3. Confrim your assets were swapped once the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain

Note: the swap button only shows up when you have a sufficient balance to process the transaction, and it might take a few seconds to be confirmed.

Raydium is an Automated market maker(AMM) decentralized exchange (DEX) platform built on Solana, that allows digital assets to be traded automatically using liquidity pools instead of the traditional market exchange system.

Raydium offers fast and cheaper transactions compared to other decentralized exchange platforms. This article will take you through a step-by-step process on how to trade tokens on Raydium.

1. Download a Solana Wallet

Phantom is the most used Solana wallet, and it's the wallet this tutorial uses to trade tokens on Raydium.

  1. Go to Phantom‍
  2. Download and install Phantom as a browser extension (Chrome, firefox, brave, and edge)
  3. Create a new wallet and note down your secret recovery phrase

Note: never share your recovery phrase with anyone because losing it means losing access to all your funds.

2. Fund your Solana Wallet

  1. Open your wallet and click the dropdown button
  2. Copy your wallet address
  3. Go to your favorite crypto exchange platform (e.g Coinbase)
  4. Buy Solana and any other Solana ecosystem tokens you want to trade
  5. Withdraw them to your Phantom wallet address

Note: make sure the exchange supports Solana token withdraws. Some exchanges allow buying and selling Solana tokens, but do not offer withdraw functionality.

3. Connect your Wallet

  1. Go to Raydium‍
  2. Click on the "Launch App" button to access the DEX interface
  3. Click on the "Connect" button to connect your wallet
  4. Select Phantom
  5. Allow Raydium to access your wallet
  6. Click on connect

4. Select the Assets you Want to Trade

  1. Select the desired token you wish to swap from (e.g. SOL)
  2. Select the token you wish to swap to (E.g. USDC)
  3. Specify the amount of tokens you want to swap

Once you choose the amount of tokens you want to swap, the amount of tokens you will receive of your new token will automatically be calculated.

a. Confirm your Swap Settings

Before you confirm your transaction, it is a good decision to check the info section to understand more details about the transaction. These trade settings become more important for large transactions.

Here are explanations of the swap settings:

  • Minimum Received - the minimum amount of tokens you will receive from the trade
  • Slippage Tolerance -the difference between your estimated price and the execution price
  • Price Impact - the difference between market price and estimated price (the impact is larger for large trades)

If prices are volatile, transactions with low slippage might not get confirmed. However, if slippage tolerance is high, you may receive less tokens for your swap because the market price changed between your original estimate and the price during trade execution.

5. Swap Tokens on Raydium

Now that your settings are reviewed, it's time to submit the transaction.

  1. Click on the Swap button
  2. Click the transaction link to view it on a Solana block explorer like Solscan
  3. Confrim your assets were swapped once the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain

Note: the swap button only shows up when you have a sufficient balance to process the transaction, and it might take a few seconds to be confirmed.

{{get-started-solana}}

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